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In the years preceding the 1971 Centennial of Maynard the rather new Maynard Historical Society gathered a series of monographs on a wide variety of topics.  96 papers, written by primarily by Birger Koski and Ralph Sheridan, plus a number of "guest" authors, many of these were read at Historical Society meetings in the late 1960's and then became source material for the 1871-1971 History of Maynard book written for the Centennial of the Town.   Monographs from that project are titled as a "Centennial Monograph",&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>In order to get the facts concerning the year St. Bridget's Temperance society was organized together with a list of its first set of officers, I must admit I encountered several obstacles.  I phoned two of the surviving members and' to my surprise and disappointment they were unable to give me the information that I was seeking.  Although the society was very active socially, we have no account of its activities until the year 1899 when it held its 9th anniversary. So with my genius for higher mathematics I'm now able to state that the society was organized in the year 1890. As to the first president, it is generally agreed that the late William Connolly received that honor. &#13;
&#13;
It seems to me that there must have been an extended period of drought during this era as temperance and total abstinence societies sprang up all over our little town.  There was Saint Bridget's, two Finnish Temperance societies, the Good Templars, and others. &#13;
&#13;
I didn't join either one as I must confess I was heavy Moxie drinker.  I must admit I was envious of those members who sported a solid gold octagon pin on their lapel. There was one period when I had every intention of joining up until alas, one stormy night Mr. Coughlan, who owned the Summer street livery stable, asked me to drive the temperance lecturer over to South Acton, where he would catch the Boston train. When we had passed Parmenter's Crossing, you can imagine my surprise when the lecturer withdrew a whisky flask from his hip pocket and drank the entire contents.  After I regained my equilibrium I said "for a guy that preaches down with whiskey, you can down it with the best of them." He explained that whiskey was only thing that cured his hoarseness. I replied "You  should try Dr. John's".   Quiet prevailed for the rest of the trip.&#13;
&#13;
The original headquarters of St. Bridget's society was located in the old Riverside Coop building, corner of Nason and Summer Street, the present site of the Knights of Columbus building. It was quite an elaborate meeting room. It consisted of a stage with several drops and curtains, a combined parlor and library in the rear, with an auditorium that had a capacity of 150 people.&#13;
&#13;
The club went in to athletics on a grand scale. The members organized a baseball team and its first encounter was with the Rice and Hutchins team of Marlboro. The score resulted in a sixteen to four victory for Marlboro -  a real pitchers battle.&#13;
&#13;
The club room was a veritable gymnasium furnished with weight lifting machines, punching bag, boxing gloves, etc.  Ah yes, how well I remember the boxing gloves. On a certain afternoon I was invited to put on the gloves with one of the members. It was the first and last time I ever donned the gloves. I hate the sight of blood, particularly when its my own.&#13;
&#13;
On July 4th 1902, a new set of officers took over, including the re-election of William Connolly as president, other officers included James Carney, Allie Bourke, John Murray, Michael Maley, John Wall, Henry McCormack, Pat Murphy, Daniel Colbert and Pat Sherry. The membership had grown to 150 members and more spacious quarters were sought.&#13;
&#13;
Accordingly, a five year lease was taken on Music Hall. It was completely renovated and it soon became a focal point for all indoor activities, including basket ball, roller skating, dancing, and dramatics. Most of the music for dancing was supplied by the following orchestras: The Union, Brighams, Cartwrights, and McEnnelly's.&#13;
&#13;
A course of lectures were given in 1904. Several lectures were given by the Hon. Arthur Peck of Boston. I wonder if Peck was the guy that drank the pint? &#13;
&#13;
On January 8th the society held its 13th anniversary concert and ball. Those taking part in the concert were Rose Hannon, Pattie Owens, George Jamieson in vocal solos, May Morgan, reading; Joe Devine, club swinging; and E. F. McEnnelly, violin solo.&#13;
&#13;
Jan. 6th 1911, the entire membership renewed their pledge at St. Bridgets church - a most imposing spectacle.&#13;
&#13;
A few of my listeners may recall that our town held its annual elections in the old Cooperative Hall and I can remember how the members of St. Bridget's&#13;
Temperance Society whose quarters were directly beneath the hall would congregate in  their rooms and await with baited breath the results of the license issue, which, by the way, was usually in the affirmative. Then came the weeping and gnashing of teeth and the impromptu meeting took on the appearances of a wake.&#13;
&#13;
No society activities were mentioned after 1911, therefor we can assume the  demise of the organization soon after.&#13;
&#13;
In summing up my remarks let me state emphatically, that while I used a slight degree of levity throughout my monograph, it was not my intention to belittle the several local temperance societies and the impact they had on our town. The members were dedicated to the cause of temperance and the example set by them resulted in less crime and drunkenness during the period when these vices were noticeably rampant.&#13;
&#13;
J.B.F.&#13;
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In the years preceding the 1971 Centennial of Maynard the rather new Maynard Historical Society gathered a series of monographs on a wide variety of topics.  96 papers, written by primarily by Birger Koski and Ralph Sheridan, plus a number of "guest" authors, many of these were read at Historical Society meetings in the late 1960's and then became source material for the 1871-1971 History of Maynard book written for the Centennial of the Town.   Monographs from that project are titled as a "Centennial Monograph",&#13;
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              <text>May 23, 1906 a license was granted to two enterprising Maynard men, Mr. Peter Wilcox and Mr. Fred Chandler, who put a 3-1/2 horsepower steam launch named "Queen" on the Assabet River for the purpose of taking parties from Maynard to Whitman's crossing (near Boon's Pond) and return. The new launch was as good as money could buy, would carry at least twenty passengers, and would travel over the river at a rapid clip.&#13;
&#13;
A boat-house and landing wharf was built at the river in the rear of the Concord, Maynard and Hudson Street Railway car barn on Great Road. A landing wharf was also built at Whitman's crossing for those who desired to get off for Boon's Pond, which was a quarter-of-a-mile walk away, and where the passengers could board the launch "Princess" for a ride around the entire Boon's Pond or to any of the several landing places.&#13;
&#13;
At first, regular trips were made on Sundays and Saturday afternoons. (Note: No daylight saving time in those days and the working day ended at 6P.M. or later.)  Later one trip per day each way was made on weekdays. The cost of the ride up the river was twenty-five cents. The trip seemed to fill a popular want and was enjoyed by many.&#13;
&#13;
Among the scenic attractions along the trip was the "ole' swimming hole" or "Dutchies", where most of the boys and young men of the town learned to swim; Bent's Icehouse, a short distance from the "Dutchies", where the advanced swimmers could use the ice-run and the "stump" nearby for diving and to enjoy the waves from the passing launches; Russell's bridge, where all on board the boat had to duck their head as they passed underneath; Comeau's ice-house, just beyond the bridge; "Nanny Goat Rock", which stood out of the water as a beacon before the bend in the river at Crow Island.&#13;
&#13;
In September 1906, the company purchased a new steam launch, the "Gertrude", to be operated with the "Queen" on the river. It was twenty feet long and would accommodate thirty-five passengers. It was built in the barn of Mr. George Whitney and was named the "Gertrude" in honor of Mr. Chandler's daughter.   This new addition was found necessary because of the demand for accommodations on the river trip.&#13;
&#13;
With the addition of another boat, trips were made every hour on Sundays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. On weekdays a boat left Maynard for Boon's Pond at 2 p.m. and return trip to Maynard left at 3 p.m.&#13;
&#13;
In May 1910, the firm name changed to Chandler and Howard by the purchase of one-third interest in the business by Mr. Allan Howard. Mr. Wilcox still retained his interest in the business, but the other two members operated the launches. A third boat "Teddy" was put in service in 1910.&#13;
&#13;
September 10, 1910 the "Queen" was sold to Lake Boon parties. In April 1912 the firm decided to sell out and offered a good proposition to anybody.&#13;
&#13;
On June 12, 1914 they sold the "Gertrude" to the Union Carbide Company of Canada. It was used on Lake Boon for a short time and then shipped to Sault Saint Marie, Michigan.&#13;
&#13;
July 12, 1916, Mr. C.C. Murray of Maynard obtained a license to operate motor boats on the Assabet River. He operated a very short time.&#13;
&#13;
All who took this delightful trip up the river and back still hold it as one of their most cherished memories.&#13;
&#13;
Dates and factual information obtained from copies of the "Maynard News" through the courtesy of the "Assabet Valley Beacon".&#13;
&#13;
Photograph with courtesy of Mr. Arthur L. Wilcox, son of Mr. Peter Wilcox - one of the original owners of the boat company.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Starting in 1906, for about 10 years, you could board a small steam-powered boat near Ben Smith Dam and for 25 cents take a leisurely weekend ride upstream to Lake Boon in Stow. </text>
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&#13;
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              <text> The first hotel in town was built on Summer Street by Peter Haley in 1867 and was named the Glendale House after the Assabet Mills blankets ticketed "Glendale Mills Blanket". Later, the name was changed to the Maynard Hotel; enlarged twice, scorched by fire several times, and finally destroyed by fire January 29, 1921. [1]&#13;
&#13;
It was owned and operated for many years by Hugh McGrail; then by John Desmond; finally by Martin Peterson. It was located directly across the street from the present Fine Arts Theatres. The property was purchased by the town in 1922 and is now the site of Memorial Park.&#13;
&#13;
The Maple House was built at the comer of Acton and Summer Streets by George F. E. Cutting in 1880, and he managed it for many years. His son, G. Frank Cutting, pursued the business for several years. Later, it was managed by George 0"˜Brien, and then by William Campbell. It was demolished in the late 1940's by St. Bridget's Parish, who had purchased the property with the intention of building a new church. When the idea was abandoned, the town purchased the land end built the present Fire and Police Station.&#13;
&#13;
The American House on Harriman Court was built during the 1890's and operated for many years by Julius Lowe, and later his son David. It ceased to operate in the early 1920's.&#13;
&#13;
In 1901, another "Glendale House", at the corner of Glendale and Summer Streets, was opened by Thomas Farrell, father of the late James B. Farrell. This is now a dwelling at No. 29.&#13;
&#13;
The Somerset Hotel at the comer of Main and River Streets was built in 1909 by B. J. Coughlin. This building la now owned by Jacob Sawutz, who operates a market on the street floor and rents apartments on the floor above.&#13;
&#13;
Paper prepared by James B. Farrell, I966&#13;
&#13;
[1] - Gutteridge, "Short History of Maynard" (1871-1921),  p. 64&#13;
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                <text>A short summary of hotels that operated in Maynard.  This research was incorporated into a monograph on hotels (see Relation below)</text>
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                <text>James B. Farrell</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="/items/show/7644"&gt;2019.242 - Centennial Monograph: Room and Boarding Houses, Hotels and Hostelries&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>The Jewish people began settling in Maynard around the turn of the century, the same period that brought In most of the many ethnic groups that comprised the majority of the population in town. No doubt there were a few families earlier than that but there is no record that is available to us.&#13;
&#13;
We are aware of only one family, the Julius Loewe's, who ran a combination rooming house and tavern at Harriman Court.  This family must have settled here in the 1880's as Julius was active In town affairs by 1890, being on the town committee to purchase land and build a fire station for the new town fire department that year.&#13;
&#13;
Our first news report comes in 1901 concerning a Jewish christening taking place in the West End on July 12, and the second in September, 1903 that the Jewish people with a Rabbi in their midst will celebrate New Year's Eve, September 22, with exercises In Masonic Hall.  Rabbi Greenberg, President S. Goldenberg and Vice-president James Shepard were the leaders of the congregation of fifty. Starting the following year the religious holidays were celebrated in Odd Fellows Hall, Nason Street, through 1920.&#13;
&#13;
A January 1907 news article gives as the following officers for the Maynard Hebrew Association: President Max Blatt; Vice-president S.L. Bloomberg; Treasurer David Wiseberg; Secretary Julius Goldberg; Board of Directors Sam Goldberg, S. Sperberg, Harris Cohn and David Wineberg. It was decided to remove the Torah to the home of Max Blatt.&#13;
&#13;
Officers for 1913 were President Max Blatt; Vice-president I. Liberman; Secretary U. Feldman and Treasurer J. Bressler.&#13;
&#13;
March 20, 1914: Rabbl Sherr became the new Rabbi of the congregation. The officers that year were President Samuel Lerer, Vice-president Isaac Liverman, Treasurer Ely Gruber, Financial Secretary Rabbi I. W. Sherr, Recording Secretary Mr. Fineberg, Trustees Max Blatt, Fineberg and Bakka.&#13;
&#13;
September 10, 1915: Rosh Hosannah was celebrated by two Jewish congregations, one in Odd Fellows Hall with Rabbi Sherr and the other In Cannon's Hall (Main Street) with Rabbi H. Raymond. This second congregation, it is our understanding, was the ADZ Israel Society, comprised of Acton and Concord residents.&#13;
&#13;
Oct 8, 1915: the elections for the Maynard Hebrew Association took place at their own rooms on Summer Street with the following officers: President Ely Gruber, Vice-president Ely Goldman, Recording Secretary H. Fish, Financial Secretary Rabbi I. W. Sherr, Treasurer Mr. Backrach, Trustees Max Blatt, William Licherman and David Bander, and Inside Guard Sam Strousberg.&#13;
&#13;
The Jewish New Year in 1920 (Sept. 17) was celebrated by the Maynard Hebrew Association in Odd Fellows Hall with Rabbi Silver of Brookline assisted by Rabbi Sherr and the ADV Israel Society in Eagles Hall with Rabbi Jacob Slavetsky of Boston.&#13;
&#13;
The following year 1921 (Jan.28) a Maynard and Hudson Jewish Youth Association was formed at Riverside Hall with officers as follows: President Louis J. Rickels, Vice-president Mrs. Samuel Balkman, Secretary Miss Pearl Lerer, Treasurer Charles Lerer, Entertainment Committee Mrs. Joel Glickman, Misses Dera Sherr,  Jennie Feinberg, Marion Sperberg and Benjamin Gruber. This organization known as the Double Triangle (Feb. 4) was an educational and social club.&#13;
&#13;
The following meeting (Feb. 4) the entertainment committee was enlarged to include Morris Feinberg, Bessie Bomstein, and Ell Kesler, and the educational committee additions were Miss Sperberg, Martin Gruber, Edith Rives and Annie Siger.&#13;
&#13;
Around this period in the early twenties the Hebrew Association purchased a house on Nason Street and removing it to Acton Street renovated it for use as the Rodoff Shalom Synagogue.&#13;
&#13;
In the early 1930's( May 13, 1932) the Maynard Jewish Council was organized for athletic and social purposes.&#13;
&#13;
In 1933 (Nov. 24) a basketball team was organized at Pastime Hall, on Harriman Court, with the following as candidates; Bachrach Bothers, Seder Brothers, Glickman Brothers, Lerer Brothers, Gruber, Swartz, Liverman, Arkin and Silverman, and with Michael Zapareski as coach.&#13;
&#13;
In 1940 (July 5) a Jewish Ladies Aid Society was organized to raise funds for Jewish refugees fleelng Hitler Germany.&#13;
&#13;
This paper would be derelict in its duty if it did not mention that the history of the town of Maynard would have a void in it but for the efforts of a Jewish businessman. The reference is to Samuel Lerer, proprietor of the New Idea Clothing Store and operator of the moving picture theatre in Riverside Hall. He had the moving pictures taken of the 50th anniversary celebration of Maynard to show at his theatre.&#13;
&#13;
He knew not the significance of that for posterity but the Maynard Historical Society as possessors fifty years later of a 16 mm copy of this film, can be ever grateful to him for being able to show a moving picture of the 50th anniversary at our hundredth anniversary.&#13;
&#13;
By B.R. Koski&#13;
Read at the 1970 meeting of the Maynard Historical Society.&#13;
All dates from issues of the Maynard News. &#13;
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              <text>Ice Houses and Ice Harvesting&#13;
&#13;
Icehouses and harvesting ice to fill them now belongs to an almost vanished age, but ice  harvesting on New England ponds used to be a big winter business.&#13;
&#13;
In the 1800's and early 1900's, during the months of January and February, it was a common sight on the lakes, ponds and some of the rivers to see men and horses harvesting ice and storing it in barnlike icehouses, large and small, There was an occasional year when December was a cold month with below zero temperature, and the ice harvest was completed in December. But, on the average, ice-cutting time did not come until well into January. The icemen wanted ice that was 10 to 12" thick. They hoped for good clear ice that was not mixed with sleet or snow.&#13;
 &#13;
It was real hard work and one had to be rugged, with plenty of muscle. It could also be very hazardous work, While the temperature remained in the teens it was good weather for putting up ice, as the colder it was when packed in the icehouses, the better the quality when it was taken out the following summer.&#13;
&#13;
When a boy was twelve years old or thereabouts, it was perfectly logical that he have two opinions about the annual ice harvest. If you were brought up on a farm in the northland back in the days of ice-boxes instead of electric refrigerators, you can probably guess what I mean.&#13;
&#13;
Ice-cutting being hard, cold work; but when a fellow thought of June, July and August and the six quart ice-cream freezer, he realized there had to be ice before he could enjoy ice cream.&#13;
&#13;
You just don't know' what cold is until you have worked on a pond at zero or below with a stiff wind blowing from the northwest. Dress for such an outdoor job on a cold day as follows: heavy wool socks; boots and overshoes; two wool sweaters over a wool shirt; an interlined double-breasted overcoat, knee length; thick wool cap with ear flaps down; knitted wool scarf wrapped around face and neck; a pair of wool mittens, and over these a pair of leather mittens.&#13;
&#13;
Usually, local men were hired for the entire harvest. Being seasonal work it might occur when the factories were slack and men would be available. The large ice companies had a crew that went from one job to another as the season progressed. They lived in boarding houses, usually set up nearby the pond.&#13;
&#13;
One such boarding house was built near White Pond by the Independent Ice Company, who cut ice on White Pond for many years. When the icehouse, completely filled with ice and valued at $18,000, was totally destroyed by fire on February 3, 1922 [1], the boarding house was sold to the Maynard Rod and Gun Club who occupied it until the early 1940's when it was taken over by the United States Government as it was within the boundaries of land taken over by them for the ammunition depot of World War II. During the war the building was used as an officer's club. It is now a private home.&#13;
&#13;
The annual harvest of ice at White Pond lowered the water level 6 inches.&#13;
&#13;
Cutting commenced as soon as the ice was a foot or more thick. Then it was strong enough to hold a team of farm horses and humans. At seven o'clock the whistle sounded and the men moved out onto the ice, or to their places in the icehouses. Horses were used singly and in pairs with the men.&#13;
&#13;
If there was snow on the ice it was necessary to scrape the surface clear. One job was holding the scraper. Scraping served two purposes. It removed the accumulated snow so that the ice would freeze to a greater depth (12 inches or more was considered desirable) and made possible the marking and grooving of the ice so that blocks of it could be broken off. The scraper was pulled by a pair of horses and the snow was dumped onto the shore. &#13;
&#13;
Next, the cutter and groover was drawn by a horse across the icy surface scratching parallel lines two feet apart and six inches deep. Then it was drawn at right angles and lines made forming rectangles or a sort of checkerboard pattern.&#13;
&#13;
Next came the sawers. A big ice saw which needed two men to operate it. The long handle was fixed at right angles to the blade. One small hole, big enough to take the saw, was chopped in the ice. After that the ax was laid aside and the saws took over. Long strips of ice were sawed loose and floated to a channel cut in the ice which led directly to the lower end of the ramp or "run" which had an endless belt operated by a steam engine (or horse drawn) to haul the ice up the ramp or "run" to the proper level of the icehouse, where it would slide by force of gravity to its ultimate resting place in one of the rooms in the icehouse.&#13;
&#13;
The icehouses were strange looking affairs, They looked like large unpainted barns, with an opening in the front that went from the ground right up to the ridgepole. As the store of ice built up, this opening was gradually closed with boards. The commercial icehouses were divided into compartments. Each compartment was insulated with a double wall which was filled with sawdust.&#13;
&#13;
Most of the houses were made of wood (lumber and wages were cheap in those days.) The inside walls were made of smooth boards so that no timbers would stick out and take up space. The framing was on the outside and the walls were tied together at the roofline.  After a few years the buildings often leaned to one side and sometimes collapsed.&#13;
&#13;
Many farms had icehouses and some had to haul the ice from the pond, The cut ice would be floated to shore, hoisted onto horse-drawn sleds, and hauled to the icehouse, sometimes more than a mile away. (During an extremely dry period they would melt the ice to water the cattle.)&#13;
&#13;
As the ice cakes moved up the run they passed under sets of knives. The knives were set one behind the other to trim the ice to uniform thickness. The ice is first packed into the bottom level four feet high, then the staging and "run" is moved up by winch to the next higher four foot level and continue loading each compartment by four foot levels until the house is full. Each four foot section was covered with sawdust from the nearest sawmill, thus insulating the ice so that it would last all summer.&#13;
&#13;
As stated earlier in this story, work began at seven o'clock. At noon the horses were watered and fed and the workmen ate lunch in a shed heated with a Iarge stove with the stovepipe running the length of the center of the shed.  The dinner pails were hung near the stove pipe to keep the contents warm. (The dinner pail of those days was pail and not a lunch kit. The coffee or tea was in the bottom of the pail.  Above it was a tray six or seven Inches deep in which was the main course, real he-man sandwiches or the equivalent. Above that was a shallow tray for a large piece of pie or other dessert. Then the cover, and inverted on the ring soldered to the cover was a tin dipper. Such a pail, with attachments was at least a foot tall and had a long bail.)&#13;
&#13;
After dinner, smokes for the smokers, a few comments on the weather, some tall yarns, and then one o'clock and back to work. &#13;
&#13;
Five o'clock was quitting time and then home to a hot supper and bed to rest for the next day. (Earnings $1.50 for the day.) It was often necessary during zero weather to keep men on the job all night to keep the channels from freezing over.&#13;
&#13;
Some of the hazards of the job:  an ice cutter on the pond might slip into the water in zero temperature. If he didn't get pneumonia he was lucky. Or, a 100 lb. cake of ice might escape and land on his toes or leg. Occasionally, a horse or team of horses would fall through the ice and cause considerable delay and excitement until they were rescued.&#13;
&#13;
One of the first establishments for the storage of ice was in the Maynard territory [2]. In 1849, upon the advent of transportation facilities (The Boston and Maine Railroad - Marlboro Branch) a large icehouse was erected by Nathaniel J. Wyeth, where the Front  Street houses now stand.  The building was of brick and held 40,000 tons of ice which was cut on the mill pond and shipped to Boston.  Modern machinery was used in the work.&#13;
&#13;
About 1864 it ceased to be used, and the Assabet Mfg, Company purchased and tore down the building, using the brick for mill construction.  The granite arch and keystone may be seen over the door of Number 12 mill near Main Street. [3]&#13;
&#13;
In 1871, Haynes Brothers (A.G. &amp; W.A.) had an icehouse valued at $100. Ben Smith had one valued at $200. [4]&#13;
&#13;
The Independent Ice Company of Boston cut ice for many years on White Pond: &#13;
&#13;
Jan, 6, 1911: Ice is being cut on White pond and a good crop is reported.&#13;
Feb. 24, 1921: The Independent Ice Company plan to start harvesting ice at White Pond sometime next week. The company is presently filling the houses in Westbrook, N.H. and took tools from the White Pond houses to New Hampshire.  [5]&#13;
&#13;
This company of the Boston Ice Company had icehouses on nearly every large pond and lake in eastern Massachusetts, southern Maine and New Hampshire. They cut ice for many years on the Mill Pond and had icehouses located on the shore in the rear of where the Sudbury Street blocks are now built.&#13;
&#13;
Nov 24, 1905: An ice house is being built at Puffer's Pond where a Finnish party will furnish the people of his own nationality with ice next summer.&#13;
&#13;
J.R. Bent had large icehouses on the Assabet River just across the railroad tracks from the town pumping station (where many of the old timers of today, including the author, learned to swim.)  He cut ice above the Ben Smith Dam.&#13;
&#13;
C.C. Murray cut there for several years:&#13;
&#13;
Mar 31, 1915: Luke Mason has left the employ of C. C, Murray, Iceman, for work in West Acton.&#13;
Mar 31, 1915: C.C. Murray is to build a bath house on the Assabet River near his ice houses [6]&#13;
&#13;
He was followed by John Zaniewski:&#13;
&#13;
Dec 5, 1919: The new icehouse built by contractor Joseph Foster for John Zaniewski is completed. It is situated on the side of the one destroyed by fire and has a capacity of 6000&#13;
cakes.&#13;
Jan 9, 1920: John Zaniewski cut some ice for immediate use during the week. He is to harvest 750 tons within the week, which will fill his new house on the site of the one destroyed by fire near the torn pumping station. The new house is completed and in readiness to be filled. [7]&#13;
&#13;
The Riverside Cooperative Society had an icehouse in the rear of the Concord, Maynard &amp; Hudson Street Railway barns and cut ice above Ben Smith dam.&#13;
&#13;
Fred H. Taylor cut ice above Russell's Bridge on the Assabet River:&#13;
&#13;
May 28, 1915: The selectmen have awarded the contract for icing the Luke S. Brooks drinking fountain on Main Street to Fred W. Taylor and Whitney and Hastings.  W &amp; H will furnish the ice during June and July and Taylor during August and September. C.C. Murray made no application for the contract.&#13;
&#13;
Jan 26, 1919: Local ice dealers took advantaee of the recent cold spell and harvested ice to supply local trade. F.W. Taylor cut 6 inch ice in Stow, while Whitney and Hastings cut 5 inch ice in South Acton. As their supply was very limited the local dealers hailed the cold wave with delight. [8]&#13;
&#13;
Whitney and Hastings harvested ice on the pond near the bridge in South Acton:&#13;
&#13;
Jan 2, 1921: W. &amp; H. began harvesting ice crop in So. Acton Tuesday. There are about 30 men employed and it is expected it will take a week to fill the houses. The ice averages 11 inches and it is the best quality cut in a number of years. It is expected the firm will house between 4500 and 5000 tons.&#13;
&#13;
W.O. Strout cut ice on the river and in South Acton:&#13;
&#13;
Jan 28, 1921: Local ice dealers are harvesting a 12 inch crop. W.A, Strout began cutting Wednesday and there were more than 100 men on hand applying for work. Fred Taylor began the same day and had the same experience. [10]&#13;
&#13;
J. Leo Comeau was in the ice business from 1907:&#13;
&#13;
Dec 24, 1909: John Comeau is building an addition to his icehouse up the river. [11] He also cut ice in West Concord and East Acton.&#13;
&#13;
He made deliveries of ice until May 1965, when he suffered a heart attack and died a few days later. He can truly be said to be "The Last of an  Era".  And the youngsters of today never have enjoyed the privilege of knowing a real iceman. His was a cool business on a hot day in July.&#13;
&#13;
For many years he had a horse drawn wagon, painted red, with his name and the word ice in large letters on the sides. Later he purchased a second-hand truck chassis and mounted the body of his wagon on it. He drove the truck over 200000 miles.&#13;
&#13;
He'd split off a piece of ice from a cake in the wagon, grab it with the big curved ice tongs, sling it over his shoulder and march up two or three flights of stairs to fill one of those old-fashioned refrigerators. He wore a rubber poncho to keep from getting soaked with ice water as it dripped under the blazing sun. One of his most indispensable tools was a whiskbroom to brush off sawdust before delivering the ice.&#13;
&#13;
The customer would display a card in the window. These cards were supplied by the iceman. The customer would turn it to the size of the piece they wanted and the iceman could cut the right size of piece. Some of the old time refrigerators (iceboxes) had a lid on the top which covered the compartment where the ice was kept. Some had a door in front for the ice. They were lined with zinc and insulated.&#13;
&#13;
The large markets and provision stores had big refrigerators to store meats. Dairies are the only ones today that use ice in their trucks.&#13;
&#13;
Modern housewives can thank their stars that they don't have to mess around with an icebox. It was a necessary nuisance 40 years ago. Somebody was always forgetting to empty the big flat pan that held the melted ice water. When this receptacle overflowed it flooded the kitchen floor and the water seeped down into the apartment below.&#13;
&#13;
When Leo started in the business a customer could get 20 lbs, for 5 cents. The smallest&#13;
amount buyable now is 25 lbs., which is priced at 25 cents. And it is artificial ice.&#13;
&#13;
The old icehouses have disappeared. They went out of business after folks started making artificial ice in convenient sizes. A while later the home refrigerator that didn't need ice came on the market.  Today's methods of keeping humans and their food cool, is probably much more efficient, but hardly so satisfying to the small fry as filching bits of ice from the jingling cart when the iceman's back was turned. &#13;
&#13;
Prepared by Ralph L. Sheridan&#13;
&#13;
Credits:&#13;
&#13;
1 - Capt. John Phaneuf - Hudson Fire Department&#13;
2 - Annals of Sudbury, Wayland and Maynard&#13;
3 - "A Brief History of Maynard" - William H. Gutteridge&#13;
4 - Town of Maynard Assessors Book 1871&#13;
5-11 - The Maynard News&#13;
&#13;
Yankee Magazine - issues of Jan. 1965 - Jan 1966.&#13;
The Boston Globe&#13;
The New England Year - Hayden Pearson&#13;
&#13;
Richard Elum(?), ???, ??? for time and story of Leo Comeau.</text>
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                <text>Before the widespread availability of refrigeration one of the only way to keep things cool was with ice.  Fresh water supplies, such as the Assabet River flowing through town, was a source of ice during the winter and a major industry grew up around this natural resource.</text>
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&#13;
In the years preceding the 1971 Centennial of Maynard the rather new Maynard Historical Society gathered a series of monographs on a wide variety of topics.  96 papers, written by primarily by Birger Koski and Ralph Sheridan, plus a number of "guest" authors, many of these were read at Historical Society meetings in the late 1960's and then became source material for the 1871-1971 History of Maynard book written for the Centennial of the Town.   Monographs from that project are titled as a "Centennial Monograph",&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>The Lincoln Library of Essential Information has the following on the Knights: A Social Brotherhood founded at Washington, D.C.,  February 19, 1864, by Justus Henry Rathbone and four others, to promote the principles of Friendship, Charity and Benevolence. The fundamental tenets of the Order are toleration in religion, obedience to law, and loyalty to government". Accepted candidates are advanced through the three ranks or degrees of Page, Esquire and Knight. Local bodies are known as Lodges; the governing body is the Supreme Lodge".&#13;
&#13;
Gutteridge's History of Maynard (1921) informs us that the local Progressive Lodge of the Knights of Pythias was instituted July 25, 1898. Not having access to newspapers of that year we will have to omit mention of the founding officers. &#13;
&#13;
However on January 24, I902 we learn tliat the following are officers for the coming year: B.O. Philbrick, William Grannigan, John Wollerschied, Freeman Robbins, George Bradley, Arthur Coughlin, Herbert Moore, George Grannigan, Neil Jacobsen, A.C . Fairbanks and Harry Parmenter.&#13;
&#13;
Meetings and entertainments must have been held in Masonic Hall on Main Street for we come across this fact all through the life of the organization. The Lodge&#13;
many times had out-of-town Lodges as visitors. On October 28, 1910, for example, a supper and entertainment was held at Masonic Lodge and lodges from Worcester, Ayer, Ayer Junction and Hudson disembarked from the electric cars at the car barn on the comer of Great Road and Main Street and, with the Maynard Brass Band leading, marched to Masonic Hall. Edward Cheney the Toastmaster for the occasion.&#13;
&#13;
March 17, 1911 news reports that new headquarters have been engaged at Music Hall, but that was short-lived as Music Hall burned down in 1912.&#13;
&#13;
February 20, 1914 a Golden Anniversary - literary and musical program celebrating the beginning of the National Order was held at Cooperative Hall. The committee on arrangements composed of A.C. Fairbanks, George Bradley, Tom French, Charles Shearer, E.G. Cheney and W.V. Cameron,&#13;
&#13;
At a July 15, 1921 meeting a Temple of Pythian Sisters was instituted.  The officers were: Mrs, Jessie Bell, Theresa Fox, Gertrude Tucker, Isabelle Kennedy, Bertha Mason, Grace Spencer, Laura Fletcher, Mary Martin, Ellen Shearer, Marion Butterworth, Olive Richardson and Elizabeth Jamieson.&#13;
&#13;
February 20, 1931 we take note of a Military Whist being held at Masonic Hall.&#13;
&#13;
February 3, 1939 officers were installed as follows: Thomas Fox, Harry Bumpus, John Mitzcavitch, Charles Shearer, Walter Croft, Ernest Larson and Ben Gruber.&#13;
&#13;
April 5, 1940 a Regional or State Convention was held in Masonic Hall with the attendance running into the hundreds,&#13;
&#13;
The organization petered out during the 1940's due possibly to the war.&#13;
&#13;
All dates are from the Maynard News of those dates indicated.&#13;
&#13;
Read at the March, I966 meeting of The Maynard Historical Society&#13;
&#13;
BIRGER R. KOSKI&#13;
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&#13;
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              <text>When the hard-working members of the Maynard Rod &amp; Gun Club were busy building their new Club House, their wives gave freely of their time and efforts by helping to make and serve sandwiches and coffee on Saturdays plus preparing and serving dinners on Sundays to all the workers.&#13;
&#13;
After the building was erected and dedicated on May 21, 1950, the women relieved the men in the canteen and kitchen so that the men could be utilized elsewhere at every Saturday night activity.&#13;
&#13;
Therefore, through the tireless efforts and cooperation of some of the active members of Maynard Rod &amp; Gun Club, the RODETTES were duly organized on February 4, 1951 with 21 Charter Members. Mrs. John McNamara, the former Alma Shalsten, now deceased, was the first President.&#13;
&#13;
The purpose of the Rodettes was to assist the members of the Maynard Rod &amp; Gun Club to promote better understanding of conservation and sportsmanship in the community, and through the years the Rodettes have proven themselves and have been a credit to the Community as well as creating "good will" for the Rod &amp; Gun Club until the past few years when a new group took over the helms and didn't encourage participation.&#13;
&#13;
As the Rodettes are an independent auxiliary, naturally their first allegiance is for the good of their own club but have ever been mindful that they owed a great deal to the Rod &amp; Gun Club for the privilege of being Rodettes and until recently for the use of their club rooms for meetings. The Rodettes have always offered a helping hand to the Club whenever they have needed and requested it as they faithfully assisted them at every Saturday night party during the early years at the new clubhouse, plus assisting them at many clambakes, outings and various dances.&#13;
&#13;
With its limited membership, its charitable and community services have included sponsoring a boy for five years to the Junior Conservation Camp run by the Massachusetts Natural Resources Division; presenting a scholarship yearly to a deserving graduate of Maynard High School; for six years sponsoring a Little League Team plus having a party for the team they sponsored; sponsoring dances for youngsters up to and including the sixth grade, youngsters who generally would not have an opportunity to attend and enjoy regular dances. Many of these dances had attendances over 150 youngsters at a time.&#13;
&#13;
Large donations for conservation projects have teen made to the Squannacook Land&#13;
Acquisition Project, Weston High School Trout Fund, Mass. Federation Test Case.&#13;
&#13;
Various Community Fund Drives which also included Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, Swimming Pool Project, Maynard School Band for Uniforms also National Drives such as Heart Fund, Salvation Army, Cancer Fund, Red Cross.&#13;
&#13;
Donations also have been made to the Emerson Hospital Building Fund, Rose Hawthorne High School and Christmas remembrances for needy families and lately to the Beacon Santa Fund.&#13;
&#13;
The Rodettes made and replaced draperies many times for the Rod &amp; Gun Club, donated materials in 1952 to fix the clubhouse kitchen plus purchasing many items for the kitchen such as used refrigerators, top stove ovens, coffee makers, kettles. utensils, etc.&#13;
&#13;
In 1955 (we) donated a large sum to the Grounds Committee plus an additional amount for their outdoor rest rooms.  In 1958 purchased light fixtures for the Hall and in 1960 a donation for repairs in the Ladies Room.&#13;
&#13;
With our very small membership we feel that we have done wonders especially when everyone knows how hard it is to raise the necessary funds to do all these things. We have held rummage sales, sold greeting cards, held penny sales, and had several raffles to raise these funds.&#13;
&#13;
The RODETTES have also been affiliated with the Middlesex County League of Sportsmen's Clubs, the Mass. Federation of Sportsmen's Clubs which is now the Mass. Wildlife Federation.  These organizations highly respected the RODETTES as both Julia White Metcalfe and Helen Mark Ketola attended many of their meetings and conventions representing the RODETTES and gave them invaluable assistance.&#13;
&#13;
At the present time the RODETTES have been inactive but still meet occasionally to keep the "spark" of good sportsmanship alive.&#13;
&#13;
The President's in succession after Alma McNamara in 1951 included:&#13;
&#13;
1952 - 2nd: Ranghild Mansfield &#13;
1953 - 3rd: Evelyn Wood &#13;
1954 - 4th: Mary Nelson&#13;
1955 - 5th: Helen Mark Ketola&#13;
1956 - 6th: Sue McMahon &#13;
1957 - 7th: Sue McMahon&#13;
1958 - 8th: Sue McMahon&#13;
1959 - 9th: Anna Tarara&#13;
1960 - 10th: Anna Tarara&#13;
1961 - 11th: Julia White Metcalf&#13;
1962 - 12th: Rose Drinkwater&#13;
1963 - 13th: Rose Drinkwater&#13;
1964 - 14th: Dorothy Hudson&#13;
1965 - 15th:  Mary Hayes&#13;
1966 - 16th: Virginia Keene&#13;
1967 - 17th: Virginia Keene&#13;
1968 - 18th: Virginia Keene&#13;
1969 - 19th:&#13;
1970 - 20th:</text>
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              <text>SAINT ANTHONY OF PADUA SOCIETY&#13;
   by SAMUEL MICCICHE&#13;
(MAYNARD HISTORICAL SOCIETY)&#13;
&#13;
The purpose of the society to unite all men and women who are practical Roman Catholic of Italian extraction, whether born in Italy or of Italian descent; any man or woman who may not be of Italian extraction, but is the husband or wife of a member of the society.  Also to celebrate and perpetuate the feast day of Saint Anthony of Padova.&#13;
&#13;
On February 27, 1938, the first meeting was held in which the signers agreed on the association. This meeting took place at the Elks' Hall on Main Street, Maynard, at 700 P.M.&#13;
&#13;
After much discussion and planning on rules and regulations, the members relied on help and advice of Mr. Frank C. Sheridan, who made most all the legal arrangement possible. It was on March 7, 1938, when the society was presented with their official charter, officiated by Mr. Harold J. Morgan, who was a notary public at that time.&#13;
&#13;
The charter has listed one hundred fifty-five (155) members. The following were the first officers of the society:&#13;
&#13;
President: Antonio Mistretta&#13;
Vice-President: Enrichetta Viola &#13;
Recording Secretary: Vincent Lucchese&#13;
Financial Secretary: Frank Finnochi&#13;
Treasurer:  Russell Salamone&#13;
Directors: Espedito Terrasi, Louis Terrasi, Josephine Finnochi, Antonio Fraticelli, Salvatore Terrasi, Antonio Curci, Gerlando Cirino, Mary Garlisi&#13;
Trustees: Michael Lalli, Louis DeGrappo, Charles Cannella.&#13;
Inside Guard: Antonio Veleno&#13;
Clerk: Frank Finnochi&#13;
&#13;
A number of interesting activities took place in the many years of its existence.  Every member is compelled to attend the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass and receive Holy Communion in a body at the Mass on the Sunday nearest to June 13th, the date of the Feast Day of the Patron Saint Anthony of Padova.&#13;
&#13;
After the Mass, the whole membership would partake In Communion Breakfast at the Knights of Columbus Hall. In the afternoon, the society held a short meeting to take care of the business of the month. At this meeting in June most of the activity takes place. After the meeting, an open house celebration takes place, with visiting officers and members of surrounding organizations in attendance. By this time the hall is full to capacity.&#13;
&#13;
Among these groups are Catholic priests. Board of Selectmen, our Honorary Member, Mr. Frank C. Sheridan, the SS Indulgence Society of Maynard, St. Rocco Society of Natick, St. Michael's Society of Waltham, Sons of Italy of Maynard and Concord.&#13;
&#13;
Other forms of festivity to celebrate their Patron Saint, a large committee would arrange processions which marched from Russo's on Waltham Street to Rev. John A. Crowe Park, where many festivities took place in carnival fashion.  At night some of the largest and best fireworks in the state were displayed for the gigantic crowd from Maynard and surrounding towns.&#13;
&#13;
On other occasions the membership would motorcade with busses, and go on field trips to various Catholic Shrines and seminaries.  Picnics and outings were held and still are held in the summer.&#13;
&#13;
After many years of spiritual and festive activities the society is still active in many religious and community functions.&#13;
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              <text>The St. Bridget's Cemetery land was bought and laid out in 1869 two years before St. Bridget's Catholic Parish (1871) came into being and while still a mission of the Marlboro Parish.&#13;
&#13;
According to Gutteridge's History of Maynard many burials of Assabet Village Catholics took place in Saxonville as part of St. George's Parish. However, there&#13;
are a few stones in St. Bridget's Cemetery indicating that some Catholics were buried on that land prior to 1869 or interred later; O'Donnell, dated May 28, 1959, Hurley, 1863; Owens, 1865; Doyle, Sept. 12, 1866. This would further indicate that prior to 1857 when Union Hall was built - and which the village Catholics used until 1866 - Catholics walked to Saxonville for services and had at intervals masses in homes - had no formal organization.&#13;
&#13;
The first person interred in St. Bridget's Cemetery after it was laid out was James Heffernan, a Civil War veteran - date April 12, 187O.&#13;
&#13;
The Town meeting of March 10, 1873 voted to appropriate $300 to fence the Catholic Cemetery - then voted to re-consider the vote granting money to fence the Catholic Cemetery and passed over the article. (Apparently municipal money could not be appropriated for any but a municipal cemetery.)&#13;
&#13;
January 19, 1900 - St. Bridget's Parish to improve the cemetery by the erection of a suitable entrance and stone fence. Architects: McGinnis, Walsh and Sullivan (Boston).&#13;
&#13;
February 23, 1900 - Plans for gate and entrance nears completion. Fence also to be built provided any funds left. The entrance will be 35 feet wide, masonry&#13;
of fancy brick with limestone trim and surmounted with hood of antique oak. &#13;
&#13;
March 30, 1900 - Bridget's National Festival to take place at Music Hall to raise funds for cemetery funds. Booths of all sorts for sale of goods.&#13;
&#13;
July 25, 1902 - John Kelly, Contractor, starts work on new tomb for St. Bridget's Cemetery.&#13;
&#13;
May 24, 1938 - Voted at town meeting the sum of $700 to be paid to St. Bridget's Parish for the perpetual care of seven veteran's graves at St. Bridget's cemetery.&#13;
&#13;
This appropriation not approved by Commission of Corporations and Taxation for while you may appropriate money for the care of these lots no authorization exists which would allow the town to establish perpetual care funds for such a purpose.&#13;
&#13;
1939 - Voted to rescind the action taken under Article 16 at town meeting of May 24, I938.&#13;
&#13;
1940 - Care of veteran's lots at St. Bridget's. $I6.&#13;
&#13;
1941 - Voted sum of $25 to provide for care of veterans' lots at St. Bridget's, in accordance with Chapter 115, Section 22 G.L.&#13;
&#13;
I am indebted to Gutteridge's History of Maynard (1921), all dates from 1900-02, Maynard News, and Ralph Sheridan for research in the Town Meeting records.&#13;
&#13;
Read at the March, 1969 Meeting of Maynard Historical Society&#13;
B.R.KOSKI&#13;
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&#13;
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              <text>Food and shelter are two material demands that man cannot do without if he is to exist. From the beginning of time man and mate endeavored in some way to provide for both. An abode, no matter how humble, gave shelter from the elements -a little land gave of its riches in grains and vegetables, waters gave of their fish, woods gave of their animals for meat - food in short.&#13;
&#13;
But what of the wayfaring strangers that have trod this earth of ours - where have they rested their bodies and filled their stomachs? Their home could be thousands of miles away, across seas, over mountains - for everyone has or has had a home somewhere. Provision for these wanderers goes back to ancient times, taverns, inns, or stables. Our story has to do with the trek of people through, and to, Maynard and what accommodations we have had for them.&#13;
&#13;
The needs of travelers, passing through what is now Maynard in the early times was filled by Rice Tavern, at Voses Pond on Puffer Road. This was on the stagecoach route from Boston to Lancaster. It was closed in 1815 after being a tavern for a hundred years. With the erection of Ben Smith Bridge, the Great Road was opened to stagecoach travel, and Levi Smith, about 1816, ran the Thompson Place as a tavern and traveller's accommodation. No records that we have as of now tell us when this closed.&#13;
&#13;
With the advent of Assabet Manufacturing Co. on the scene in Assabet Village, it wasn't too long that a tavern-hotel was erected right in the village for the accommodation of the local residents.&#13;
&#13;
Peter Haley, in 1867, built the Glendale House on Summer Street where the present municipal parking lot is situated...the name coming from a blanket, 'Glendale Mills Blanket' that was manufactured by Assabet Manufacturing Co. We are lacking records in the 19th century except for an article in the Acton Patriot of August 8, 1875, telling us that the Maynard Brass Band serenaded landlord Mullen, of the Glendale House at his hostelry, and he reciprocated by treating the members to a fine repast.&#13;
&#13;
John Desmond's name appears by 1899, and the name now is Maynard House (June 9, 1899). It finally burned down January 29, 1921.&#13;
&#13;
The Maple House (location of our fire and police station) was built by G. Frank Cutting in the 1880s. It operated for many years under his management. The last proprietor was William Campbell. The building was torn down in the 1920's.&#13;
&#13;
The American House on Spring Lane was erected sometime in the 1880's or 1890's. We have an ad for June 9, 1899, telling us that Julius Loewe and Son are the proprietors and also that they are wholesale dealers in liquors for medicinal purposes. This remained in business for many years. It was torn down June 8, 1933.&#13;
&#13;
By 1901 there must have been other boarding and rooming houses in the center of town, but the first ad we come across, outside of the above-mentioned places, is dated August 23, 1901. It informs us that "boarders wanted, just renovated rooms, airiest in town, and prepared to cater to the best class in town - comer of Glendale and Summer Streets, Thomas Farrell, Proprietor."&#13;
&#13;
The late James B. Farrell told us that the place was called Glendale House and previous to that Pompossiticut House. Jim's father died the following year so it must have closed then.&#13;
&#13;
December 27, 1901 -Mrs. William Martin advertises 'table and board, Main Street next to Harriman Laundry'.&#13;
&#13;
With the tremendous growth of the American Woolen (Company) during these years it became imperative for the company to find lodging and food for its employees, so it built its own houses. Two boarding houses were built, part of which is now Buscemi's Market, 179 Main Street. This was May 9, 1902. One of these was called the Lakeview House, Mrs. Gibbons in charge; the other was the West End House. The Lakeview later was renamed Minto House, possibly after the Finnish proprietors.&#13;
&#13;
At this time also, iinerican Woolen moved the original wool shop to 143-147 Main Street and made it a double rooming and boarding house. They were called the Middlesex and Assabet Houses.&#13;
&#13;
In the same issue of the paper it is reported that over 100 applicants desire to be in charge of the boarding houses.&#13;
&#13;
July 11, 1902 - Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Bell are given management of one end of this double house. This building was purchased by the town September 14, 1934, to serve as our town house until the present municipal building was built in the early 60's.&#13;
&#13;
Gutteridge's (1921) History tells us of Mrs. Hillis for many years operating the Central House, this originally being a livery stable. November 7, 1902 news note tells us the Central House being converted to a Finnish Boarding House. This building is still standing at I83 Main Street.&#13;
&#13;
The Somerset Hotel was built by B. J. Coughlin at the comer of River and Main Street (Jake"˜s Market now) in 1909, for we have an ad in the paper, April 15, 1910, calling our attention to it. His daughter, Mrs. Jeremiah Lynch tells us that her father around this time also bought The Maple House from the Cutting Estate, and later sold that to James Wall. He also allegedly sold the Somerset House to Harry Clarke around this time for a newspaper note of April 30, 1911, tells us that townspeople question the propriety of one man having two licenses.&#13;
&#13;
The Powder Mills had a large boarding and rooming house just on the town line on Powder Mill Road. A news article of October 22, 1909 informs us that it is being renovated with a smoking and pool room added.&#13;
&#13;
As Iate as September 1927, there were five boarding houses according to the town census figures. With American Woolen falling on hard times and the movement of single people slowing up, and the residents of Maynard in the majority either owning homes or renting tenements, the hotels and rooming houses disappeared. Restaurants and diners took care of the dietary needs of the few that just had rooms.&#13;
&#13;
It seems to this writer that Maynard, during the first two decades of this century, must have presented a picture of turmoil with so mary strange faces moving in and out of its environs - no real stability.&#13;
&#13;
I am indebted to the following for information on this paper:&#13;
&#13;
Gutteridge's History of Maynard, Maynard News (all dates), Ralph Sheridan, Mrs. Jeremiah Lynch, and the late James B. Farrell (the last paper he will ever aid me with).&#13;
&#13;
Read at the Maynard Historical Society Meeting of February, 1968 "” B.R. Koski&#13;
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&#13;
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              <text>This monograph was slated to be prepared by the late James B. Farrell at the time of his death. Having all the articles on the Park from the Maynard News plus his personal recollections of Rev. Crowe, his paper would have done much more justice to the subject and would have been enjoyed much more by you than anything that we can write. As it would have been his monograph, we would like to dedicate this to "the Old Curmudgeon".&#13;
&#13;
Rev, John A. Crowe of St. Bridget's Church, the chairman of a committee that approached the Town Fathers in 19OO to see if the town would buy sufficient amount of land for a Town Park. An article at the 19OI Town Meeting appropriated $1,000 to buy 6 acres of land from William H. Eveleth on Great Road for this purpose.&#13;
&#13;
Rev. Crowe logically was the first Park Superintendent because of his great interest in youth and sports. He did not hide behind the cloth but participated actively in all sports personally. Many an anecdote you would have heard from Jim Farrell about faux-pax committed by out-of-town baseball teams that did not realize the Maynard team had aReverend on it.&#13;
&#13;
The grounds were leveled, a small grandstand was erected, baseball field put in; cricket club field (this club had its building and field also at this park); track events, football games, soccer and cricket, band concerts after the band stand was erected, tennis with the courts erected, all sorts or activities were engaged in.&#13;
&#13;
At the 1908 Town Meeting it was voted to name the Park "John A. Crowe Park".&#13;
&#13;
A September 3, 1915 article in the papers tells that through the instrumentality of a number of public spirited citizens of Maynard, a stone marker with a bronze tablet inscribed "John A. Crowe Park, purchased by the Town of Maynard, 19O1",  is to be erected at the park and will be dedicated with appropriate ceremonies. The monument is being prepared by the Maynard Granite &amp; Bath(?) Works, Rev. Crowe of Cambridge, will be present. The Committee is ... A.J. Coughlan, P.J. Sullivan, B.J. Coughlin.&#13;
&#13;
Oct. 1, 1915 - The dedication exercises took place with A.J. Coughlan as Master of Ceremonies, Selectman Binks spoke on behalf of the Town.  Mayor Good and Superintendent of Schools, Michael Fitzgerald of Cambridge eulogized Rev. Crowe.  Rev. Crowe spoke at length of the happy years he spent in Maynard and the many friends he left here on moving to Cambridge.&#13;
&#13;
Some years ago the Green Meadow School was erected in the rear part of the park.&#13;
&#13;
All dates are from the Maynard News.&#13;
&#13;
Read at the March, 1969 meeting of The Maynard Historical Society&#13;
&#13;
B.R. KOSKI</text>
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                <text>Maynard Fire Alarm Boxes</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="116107">
                <text>A promotional card distributed by Dr. Louis Peel, Optometrist. Offices in Maynard and Hudson, "to see well see Peel".</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="116108">
                <text>Frank W. Alto</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="116109">
                <text>1999.1342</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    <tagContainer>
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        <name>eyeglasses</name>
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        <name>fire</name>
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        <name>fire alarm boxes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1626">
        <name>optometrist</name>
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    </tagContainer>
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